Prionace glauca

Superorder: Galeomorphii

Subclass: Elasmobranchii

Order: Carcharhiniformes

Family: Carcharhinidae

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External references for this species:

IUCN Red List
Species Regulated by International Treaties

CITES: Appendix II (2022)

CMS: Appendix II (2017)

Traits

Growth

Name Value Standard ValueType Sex Location Reference
k 0.14 Coefficient mean Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
t0 -1.30 Coefficient mean Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Linf 334.7 Coefficient mean Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
k 0.11 Coefficient mean Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
t0 -2.19 Coefficient mean Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
APE 7.9 Coefficient mean Pooled Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Linf 311.6 Coefficient mean Pooled Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
k 0.12 Coefficient mean Pooled Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
t0 -1.66 Coefficient mean Pooled Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Linf 294.6 Coefficient mean Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Linf 401.55 Coefficient mean Pooled Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
k 0.13 Coefficient mean Pooled Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
t0 -0.62 Coefficient mean Pooled Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Linf 299.85 cm mean Male Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
Linf 225 cm min Male Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
Linf 237.5 cm mean Female Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
Linf 160 cm min Female Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
Linf 303.4 cm mean Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
Linf 235 cm min Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.1 Coefficient mean Male Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.06 Coefficient min Male Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.15 Coefficient mean Female Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.08 Coefficient min Female Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.1 Coefficient mean Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
k 0.06 Coefficient min Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
t0 -2.44 Year mean Male Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
t0 -2.15 Year mean Female Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
t0 -2.68 Year mean Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
PA 73 Coefficient mean Pooled Baja California peninsula blancoparra2008
cv_readers 7.7 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
cv_readers 5.9 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
k 0.68 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
Linf 300 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
t0 -0.25 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
k 0.58 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
Linf 302 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
t0 -0.24 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003

Length

Name Value Standard ValueType Sex Location Reference
Lmax-observed 292.1 cm TL max Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Lmax-observed 313 cm TL max Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Lmat50 201.4 cm TL mean Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Lmat50 194.4 cm TL mean Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Length at maternity 210.8 cm TL raw_value Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Lmax-observed 330 cm TL max Male Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Lmax-observed 349 cm TL max Female Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Lmat50 202.9 cm TL mean Male Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Lmat50 214.7 cm TL mean Female Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Length at first maturity 187 cm TL raw_value Male Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Length at first maturity 203 cm TL raw_value Female Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Lbirth 30.6 cm TL raw_value Pooled Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Lmat50 196 cm TL mean Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Lmat50 184 cm TL mean Male Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Length at first maturity 172 cm TL raw_value Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Length at first maturity 170 cm TL raw_value Male Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Lbirth 45 cm TL raw_value Pooled Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Lmat50 186.99 cm TL raw_value Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 173.61 cm TL raw_value Male Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 210.56 cm TL raw_value Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 184.11 cm TL raw_value Male Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 195.89 cm TL raw_value Female Gulf of California carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 180.56 cm TL raw_value Male Gulf of California carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 227.02 cm TL raw_value Female Gulf of California carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 203.87 cm TL raw_value Male Gulf of California carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 173.11 cm TL raw_value Female Gulf of Tehuantepec carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 172.5 cm TL raw_value Male Gulf of Tehuantepec carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 181.77 cm TL raw_value Female Gulf of Tehuantepec carrerafernandez2011
Lmat95 178.65 cm TL raw_value Male Gulf of Tehuantepec carrerafernandez2011
Lmat50 175 cm TL mean Female Colima cruzramirez2012
Lmat50 175 cm TL mean Male Colima cruzramirez2012
Lmax-observed 274 cm TL raw_value Female Colima cruzramirez2012
Lmax-observed 262 cm TL raw_value Male Colima cruzramirez2012
Length of largest immature 185 cm TL raw_value Female Colima cruzramirez2012
Length of largest immature 180 cm TL raw_value Male Colima cruzramirez2012
Lmax-observed 303 cm TL max Male Indonesia white2007a
Lmax-observed 265.5 cm TL max Female Indonesia white2007a
Length at first maturity 210 cm TL min Male Indonesia white2007a
Lmax-observed 282 cm TL max Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003

Reproduction

Name Value Standard ValueType Sex Location Reference
Uterine fecundity 55 n raw_value Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Ovarian fecundity 45 n max Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Parturition October (Spring) Month raw_value Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Gestation length 9 Month min Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Ovarian fecundity 55 n median Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Uterine fecundity 33 n median Female Baja California peninsula carrerafernandez2010
Uterine fecundity 7 n min Pooled Gulf of California carrerafernandez2011
Uterine fecundity 5 n min Pooled Gulf of Tehuantepec carrerafernandez2011
Uterine fecundity 29.89 n mean Female Colima cruz2011
Max oviducal width 60 mm raw_value Female Colima cruzramirez2012
Uterine fecundity 30 n mean Female Colima cruzramirez2012

Age

Name Value Standard ValueType Sex Location Reference
Amax-estimated 14 Year max Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Amax-estimated 16 Year max Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Amat50 7 Year raw_value Male Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Amat50 6 Year raw_value Female Cape Point to Port Elizabeth, some frozen from Table Bay to Port Elizabeth jolly2013
Amat50 4.9 Year raw_value Male Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Amat50 5.5 Year raw_value Female Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a
Amax-estimated 12 Year Male Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea & Levantine Basin megalofonou2009a

Relationships

Name Value Standard ValueType Sex Location Reference
a 12.18 Coefficient Pooled Colima cruz2011
b 1.12 Coefficient Pooled Colima cruz2011
a 10.22 Coefficient Female Colima cruz2011
b 1.12 Coefficient Female Colima cruz2011
a 13.2 Coefficient Male Colima cruz2011
b 1.14 Coefficient Male Colima cruz2011
a 1.73872 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003
b 0.82995 Coefficient raw_value Pooled Nova Scotia macneil2003

Trends

Location Unit Reference
Northwest Atlantic
individual airesdasilva2008a Details
West Atlantic
individual baum2010 Details
Hawaii
individual walsh2001b Details
Chesapeake_Bay
individual simpfendorfer2002a Details
Chesapeake_Bay
individual simpfendorfer2002a Details
North Pacific
individual clarke2013c Details
South Pacific
individual clarke2013c Details
West Atlantic
individual baum2003 Details
Northwest Atlantic
kg campana2006b Details
Northwest Atlantic
individual campana2006b Details
North Pacific
individual rice2015 Details
South Pacific
individual rice2015 Details
West Atlantic
individual cortes2007a Details
West Atlantic
individual cortes2007a Details
Gulf of Mexico
individual cortes2007a Details
Northwest Atlantic
individual brooks2005 Details
Northwest Atlantic
individual brooks2005 Details
South Atlantic
1000ton carvalho2015a Details
Indian
kg coelho2017a Details
West Atlantic
individual cortes2002b Details
New-Zealand EEZ
individual francis2014c Details
North Atlantic
1000ton ICCAT2016 Details
North Pacific
ton ISC2017 Details
North Pacific
NA kleiber2009 Details
South Atlantic
individual Liu2009 Details
North Atlantic
individual Liu2009 Details
South-Africa EEZ and close high seas
individual Petersen2008 Details
Indian
ton Rice2017 Details
S_Cape_Cod, northeast USA
individual skomal2005a Details
N_Cape_Cod, northeast USA
individual skomal2005a Details
Southwest Pacific Ocean
ton Takeuchi2016 Details

Contributors to the data of this species

  • egarcia
  • lsaldana
  • ajudah
  • Nathan Pacoureau