Broad food web or ecosystem level effect.
| Species ↕ | Name | Value | Standard | ValueType | Location | Reference ↕ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alopias pelagicus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Alopias pelagicus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Alopias superciliosus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Alopias superciliosus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Alopias vulpinus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Alopias vulpinus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Carcharhinus albimarginatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | casey2017 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | casey2017 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Carcharhinus falciformis | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Carcharhinus falciformis | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Carcharhinus leucas | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus leucas | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus leucas | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus leucas | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus limbatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus limbatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus limbatus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus limbatus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus longimanus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Carcharhinus longimanus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Carcharhinus melanopterus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Carcharhinus obscurus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus obscurus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus obscurus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus obscurus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus plumbeus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus plumbeus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharhinus plumbeus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharhinus plumbeus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | South Africa | hammerschlag2019 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | South Africa | hammerschlag2019 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Farallon Islands, California | hughes2013 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Farallon Islands, California | hughes2019 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Farallon Islands, California | micholson2018 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Farallon Islands, California | micholson2018 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Farallon Islands, California | moxley2019 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Farallon Islands, California | moxley2019 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Farallon Islands, California | tinker2016 |
| Carcharodon carcharias | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Farallon Islands, California | tinker2016 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
| Galeocerdo cuvier | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Isurus oxyrinchus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Nebrius ferrugineus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Negaprion brevirostris | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Negaprion brevirostris | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
| Prionace glauca | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Prionace glauca | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Central Pacific south of Hawaii | ward2005a |
| Somniosus pacificus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Prince William Sound, Alaska | frid2008 |
| Somniosus pacificus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Prince William Sound, Alaska | frid2008 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna lewini | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna mokarran | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna tiburo | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna tiburo | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | North Gulf of Mexico shelf | shepherd2005 |
| Sphyrna zygaena | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Sphyrna zygaena | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
| Sphyrna zygaena | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Sphyrna zygaena | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | North Carolina | myers2007 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Stegostoma fasciatum | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | casey2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | casey2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | desbiens2021 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Viti Levu, Fiji | rasher2017 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014c |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014c |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Great Barrier Reef | rizzari2014d |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
| Triaenodon obesus | Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |