- ajudah
- Simon Dedman
- Nathan Pacoureau
Superorder: Galeomorphii
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Order: Carcharhiniformes
Family: Carcharhinidae
External references for this species:
IUCN Red ListCITES: Appendix II (2022)
Name | Value | Standard | ValueType | Sex | Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | burkholder2013 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | burkholder2013 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2002b |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2002b |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2008 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2008 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | dunphy2010 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | dunphy2010 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2011 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2011 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2009 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2009 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2002a |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2002a |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | kerford2008 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | kerford2008 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2005 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2005 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2006 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2006 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2012 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2012 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007b |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007c |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | wirsing2007c |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2009a |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2009a |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | heithaus2007b |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | semeniuk2006 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | semeniuk2006 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | vaudo2013 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | vaudo2013 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Lakshadweep, India | lal2010 |
Risk Effect | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Ningaloo Reef | lester2021a |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Ningaloo Reef | lester2021a |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Derawan Island, East Kalimantan, Indonesia | christianen2014 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2010 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | fourqurean2019 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Bermuda | murdoch2007 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Prince of Wales Island, Alaska | raymond2021 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Risk Effect | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | myers2007 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Direct Predation | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Risk Effect | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | North Carolina | grubbs2016 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Caribbean | clementi2021 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Caribbean | clementi2021 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
Risk Effect | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
Trophic Cascade | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Great Barrier Reef | atwood2018 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | barley2017a |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Southern Brazilian Coast | bornatowski2014b |
Direct Predation | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Southern Brazilian Coast | bornatowski2014b |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | hammerschlag2018 |
Risk Effect | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
Risk Effect | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
Trophic Cascade | High | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Shark Bay, WA | nowicki2021 |
Direct Predation | High | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
Direct Predation | Medium | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Effect size | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
Trophic Cascade | Low | Strength of evidence | mean | Pooled | Rowley/Scott Reefs | ruppert2013 |
Name | Value | Standard | ValueType | Sex | Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lmax-observed | 428 | cm TL | max | Female | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Length at first maturity | 287 | cm TL | raw_value | Female | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Length at maternity | 287 | cm TL | min | Female | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Lbirth | 80 | cm TL | raw_value | Pooled | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Length at first maturity | 292 | cm TL | raw_value | Male | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Length at first maturity | 330 | cm TL | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Lbirth | 80 | cm TL | min | Pooled | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Lmax-observed | 447 | cm TL | max | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Length of largest immature | 314 | cm TL | max | Male | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Lbirth | 81.5 | cm TL | raw_value | Pooled | Ishigaki Islands, Japan | castro2016a |
Length at maternity | 334 | cm TL | min | Female | Ishigaki Islands, Japan | castro2016a |
Lmax-observed | 380.2 | cm TL | max | Male | Indonesia | white2007a |
Lmax-observed | 385.3 | cm TL | max | Female | Indonesia | white2007a |
Length at first maturity | 300 | cm TL | min | Male | Indonesia | white2007a |
Length at maternity | 385.3 | cm TL | raw_value | Female | Indonesia | white2007a |
Name | Value | Standard | ValueType | Sex | Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uterine fecundity | 6 | n | min | Female | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Uterine fecundity | 31.5 | n | mean | Female | Townsville, Australia | simpfendorfer1992 |
Uterine fecundity | 3 | n | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Uterine fecundity | 32.6 | n | mean | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Ovum diameter | 100 | mm | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Gestation length | 15 | Month | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Ovulation | May | Month | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Max uterine width | 40 | mm | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Breeding | January | Month | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Parturition | September | Month | min | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Breeding interval | Triennial | Year | raw_value | Female | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Offspring mass | 1552.9 | g | raw_value | Unspecified | Ishigaki Islands, Japan | castro2016a |
Offspring mass | 338.5 | g | raw_value | Unspecified | Ishigaki Islands, Japan | castro2016a |
Reproductive mode | Matrotrophy | Category | raw_value | Female | Ishigaki Islands, Japan | castro2016a |
Name | Value | Standard | ValueType | Sex | Location | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
b | 1.2191 | Coefficient | raw_value | Pooled | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
a | 20.181 | Coefficient | raw_value | Pooled | Main Hawaiian Islands | whitney2007 |
Location | Unit | Reference | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
West Atlantic | individual | baum2010 | Details | |
southwest_pacific | individual | holmes2012 | Details | |
southwest_pacific | individual | holmes2012 | Details | |
southwest_pacific | individual | holmes2012 | Details | |
southwest_pacific | individual | holmes2012 | Details | |
Bimini islands, Bahamas | individual | hansell2018 | Details | |
southern tip of Eleuthera to the northern tip of Little San Salvador | individual | Talwar2020 | Details | |
Queensland east coastline, Australia | individual | Roff2018 | Details | |
Queensland east coastline, Australia | individual | Roff2018 | Details | |
Kwazulu-Natal coast South-Africa | individual | dudley2006b | Details | |
New South Wales coast Australia | individual | reid2011 | Details | |
North Carolina to Brownsville (USA) | individual | peterson2017 | Details | |
Northwest Atlantic | individual | carlson2012c | Details | |
West Atlantic | individual | baum2003 | Details | |
northwestern Australia | individual | Braccini2020 | Details | |
Northwest Atlantic | individual | Carlsonunpubl4 | Details | |
Pilbara and Kimberley, Northwest Australia | kg | McAuley2012 | Details | |
Cairns & Townsville, Australia | individual | simpfendorfer2011b | Details | |
Western and Central Pacific | individual | Tremblay-Boyer2016 | Details | |
Chesapeake Bay and coastal Virginia waters, Virginia Institute of Marine Science Longline Survey (VIMS LL) | individual | peterson2017 | Details | |
, Northern Gulf of Mexico and North Carolina waters, Southeast Fishery Science Centre Longline Survey (SEFSC LL) | individual | peterson2017 | Details |